Atherosclerosis is a complex condition associated with plaque buildup in the arteries. This can narrow the affected vessels and block blood flow to vital organs. As different parts of the body may not get enough nutrients and oxygen via blood, they may be unable to function, increasing the risk of various health issues. can have serious health implications. So, here are a few things to know about atherosclerosis that can help in seeking timely treatment:

How does atherosclerosis develop?
Over time, the inner lining of arteries can get damaged and irritated, which triggers the accumulation of fatty deposits and scar tissue along the arterial walls. This is called atherosclerosis. Here, arteries can harden and narrow due to the buildup, restricting the blood flow in the body. In the early stages, this condition can be asymptomatic, often remaining unnoticed. However, as the arteries continue to narrow, vital organs can begin to get deprived of oxygen and nutrients due to inadequate blood flow. The poor circulation of blood can eventually lead to cardiovascular issues if left unchecked. Further, the plaque can break off, causing a blood clot that can block arterial blood supply. So, the condition and its signs should not be ignored.

Symptoms
Atherosclerosis develops silently without noticeable symptoms until it reaches an advanced stage. However, one can keep an eye out for the following common signs to seek early diagnosis and intervention

• Chest pain or discomfort (angina) while engaging in physical activity or experiencing stress
• Shortness of breath
• Weakness or numbness in the legs or arms
• Pain or cramps in the legs while walking or exercising
• High blood pressure
• Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat

Causes
Recognizing the causes of atherosclerosis can help one prevent the condition. Here are some of the factors that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis:

Elevated cholesterol levels: High levels of bad cholesterol can lead to the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries, narrowing and restricting blood flow.

High blood pressure: Chronic high blood pressure can weaken the blood vessels, increasing the risk of damage and plaque formation in the arteries.

Diabetes: Those with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis, as high blood sugar levels can slow blood flow.

Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity can lead to elevated cholesterol levels and high blood pressure over time, all of which contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.

Unhealthy eating habits: High intake of food rich in saturated fats, trans fats, or cholesterol can lead to health issues that increase the risk of atherosclerosis.

Understanding these risk factors can help one make necessary lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis.

Management options
Here are some of the common treatment options for atherosclerosis:

Prescription treatment: Doctors may prescribe treatments that help manage atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of associated complications. The prescribed options may lower cholesterol, blood pressure, hypertension, and blood clots to mitigate the risk.

Medical procedures: In more severe cases, medical procedures may be necessary to treat atherosclerosis. These can include angioplasty, which helps open narrowed or blocked arteries, or bypass surgery, which can redirect blood flow around a blocked artery.

Lifestyle changes
In addition to treatment, making a few lifestyle changes and trying at-home remedies can help in managing and preventing atherosclerosis:

Regular exercise: Regular physical activity is imperative for maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system. One should aim to engage in low- to moderate-intensity exercise at least 5 days a week. This can include exercises like brisk walking, cycling, swimming, or jogging. Exercise can help improve blood circulation and reduce bad cholesterol levels to lower the risk of atherosclerosis.

Follow a heart-healthy food regimen: Nutrition plays a crucial role in preventing and managing atherosclerosis. A meal plan rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help maintain heart health, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. One should also avoid foods rich in refined carbohydrates, sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.

Manage stress: Chronic stress can negatively affect cardiovascular health and increase the risk of atherosclerosis. So, one should find healthy means to manage stress, such as relaxation techniques, deep breathing exercises, or fun hobbies or actions that bring one joy.

Nevertheless, it is important to consult a doctor upon noticing any signs of the condition. This is because a healthcare professional can provide one with a personalized treatment plan and guidance for lowering the risk of developing atherosclerosis-related complications. Additionally, following a healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and addressing the risk factors can help one prevent atherosclerosis and cardiovascular issues.